Magic in Building 20
DR SHAADY HARRISON | 3 minutes
Absolutely nobody wanted to work there.
Hastily built out of corrugated metal and cheap plywood during the Second World War, Building 20 was the worst office on campus.
A temporary overflow for everyone from linguists to physicists, it was filled to the brim with scientists who didn’t belong together.
The building itself was a disaster, complete with leaking pipes and a roof that let in the rain.
Corridors were narrow and confusing, so people kept running into each other.
Unplanned meetings led to random conversations. Casual conversations turned into ideas bouncing back and forth. Before long, problems that seemed impossible in one field became obvious to another.
An explosion of breakthroughs followed, in everything from computers and video games to early artificial intelligence, not to mention nine Nobel Prizes.
In a place so forgettable it barely had a name; this accidental mixing pot of minds would casually go on to change history.
Mix It Up
Nature is endlessly reminding us of the value of diversity.
This happens everywhere – the natural world likes to mix things up for a reason.
Forests with lots of different trees are more likely to survive hard winters. Communities with more genetic diversity are less likely to pass on inherited diseases. A more diverse diet leads to a healthier gut microbiome.
It turns out the same principles that keep our bodies resilient keep our ideas from going stale too.
New perspectives force the brain out of autopilot. Left to their own devices, our minds are extremely good at sticking with what they know. As a result, they often end up playing it safe, defaulting to the familiar, and circling the same territory.
This explains why the best thinking often happens at the edge of disciplines, where no single perspective dominates.
It also explains why breakthroughs in one industry are often driven by ideas from another.
So if mixing different minds together works so brilliantly, why aren’t we doing it more often?
The Comfort Trap
We tend to gravitate towards people who look like us, think like us, sound like us, and see the world like us. This isn’t a character flaw; it’s deeply rooted in our biology.
Long before intellectual debate was a healthy feature of daily life, misalignment with other humans carried real consequences. It was something to survive, and definitely not something to actively seek out.
Disagreement activates similar brain circuits to physical danger.
For this reason, we prefer people we have things in common with. We make friends with people the same age as us, hire people who reflect us, and drift towards people who think like us.
Familiarity is comforting so we’re pulled to it like a moth to a flame.
But a circle with a shared worldview silently removes whole categories of questions from consideration. This can lead to endlessly refining the same tired ways of doing things instead of slowly discovering better ones.
Avoiding The Echo Chamber
Talking to people who are different to us is uncomfortable. Conversations slow down, things don’t always land as we expect, and there can be a bit of friction.
It turns out that friction may be doing something important.
The breakthroughs we have about our lives often arrive half-baked, unpolished and from somewhere unexpected.
Fresh eyes give a fresh perspective.
Nature’s been mixing things up for four billion years – it may be onto something.
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Groups of diverse problem solvers can outperform groups of high-ability problem solvers. Hong, L., & Page, S. E., 2004, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 101(46), 16385–16389
Birds of a feather: Homophily in social networks. McPherson, M., Smith-Lovin, L., & Cook, J. M., 2001, Annual Review of Sociology, 27, 415–444
Diversity, stability and resilience of the human gut microbiota. Lozupone, C. A., Stombaugh, J. I., Gordon, J. I., Jansson, J. K., & Knight, R., 2012, Nature, 489(7415), 220–230
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About The Author
Shaady Harrison is a British medical doctor, writer and private advisor specialising in the intersection of psychology, calm and performance.